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                  <text>URIBE, B. (2016). "En perspectiva, Santiago Calatrava". In&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Plataforma Arquitectura&lt;/em&gt;, [online]. Available at: https://www.plataformaarquitectura.cl/cl/770902/en-perspectiva-santiago-calatrava [Accessed 04 Mar. 2020].</text>
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            <text>Santiago Calatrava Valls was born on July 28, 1951, in Valencia, Spain. He is a well-known architect and engineer, inspired by Fernando Higueras, Jørn Utzon and Antoni Gaudí. His academic career was early linked to the arts, at the age of 8 he joined the School of Fine Arts and at 13 he went to Paris for an exchange program. In 1969 Calatrava joined the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, where he majored in architecture in 1974. He completed a postgraduate degree at the same University in Urban Planning, being a disciple of Juan Carlos Jiménez. A year later, in 1975, he went to Zurich to study Civil Engineering, graduating from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ) in 1979. At the same institution, he received a PhD in Technical Sciences with the thesis &lt;em&gt;Concerning the Foldability of Space Frames&lt;/em&gt; in 1981. He became an assistant professor for the chairs of Building Statics, Construction and Aerodynamics and Lightweight Construction.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;His career began at the end of his academic career in Zurich. In 1983 he established his studio near his first work, Stadelhofen Train Station in Zurich. The following year he designed the Bac de Roda bridge in Barcelona, the first that gave him international recognition. Still on bridges, in 1991 he designed the Lusitania Bridge in Mérida, in 1992 the Alamillo Bridge in Seville, and in 1995 the October 9 Bridge in Valencia. In 1989 Calatrava opened a second studio in Paris to support the Lyon-Saint-Exupéry TGV station project. A third studio, in Valencia, would open in 1991 following one of his biggest projects to this date, the City of Arts and Sciences. Finally. In 2004, he opened a studio in New York. During his career he signed other distinguished projects, namely the Montjuic communications tower in 1992, Toronto's Brookfield Place also in 1992, Bilbao Airport in 1996, Gare do Oriente in Lisbon in 1998, Puente de la Mujer in Buenos Aires in 2001, the Santa Cruz de Tenerife Auditorium in 2003, the Athens Olympic Complex in 2004, the Turning Torso in Malmö in 2005, the Constitution Bridge of Venice in 2008, the Chords Bridge in Jerusalem also in 2008, the Caja Madrid Obelisk in 2009, the Samuel Beckett Bridge in Dublin also in 2009, the Liège Train Station also in 2009, the Roundhouse building in Suhr in 2010, the Oviedo Congress Palace in 2011, the Saint Nicholas Orthodox Greek Church in New York in 2014 and the New York Oculus Station in 2016, among many other works.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Calatrava has received numerous awards for works in architecture and engineering. In 1988 he received the Fazlur Khan International Scholarship from the SOM Foundation and was a member of Les Arts et Lettres, in 1990 he received the Médaille d'Argent da Recherche et de la Technique, in 1992 he received the Gold Medal from the Institution of Structural Engineers, in 1993 the Museum of Modern Art in New York organized an exhibition on his career entitled "Structure and Expression", in 1999 he received the Princess of Asturias Award for the Arts and the Grand Officer Degree of the Order of Merit in Portugal, in 2005 he received the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal and the MIT Arts Council Eugene McDermott Prize. He is a member of the Design Futures Council, the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, the Bund Schweizer Architekten, the International Academy of Architecture, the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences and the Institute for Urban Design. He is also an honorary member of the Bund Deutscher Architekten, the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Carlos, the Royal Institute of British Architects, the Royal Incorporation of Architects, the Colegio dos Arquitetos, the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada and the National Academy of Architecture. He holds an honorary doctorate from several institutions, including the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de Sevilla, Heriot-Watt University, University of Salford, University of Strathclyde, Milwaukee School of Engineering, Technische Universiteit Delft, Università degli Studi di Cassino, the Lunds Universitet, the Università degli Studi di Ferrara, the Israel Institute of Technology, the Southern Methodist University, the Aristotle University, the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the Columbia University, the Tel Aviv University, the University Camilo José Cela, the Université de Liège, the Pratt Institute, the Georgia Institute, the National Polytechnic Institute and the Universidad Ricardo Palma.</text>
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