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                  <text>DAVEAU, S. (2008). "Os anos de formação de Orlando Ribeiro". In &lt;em&gt;Finisterra&lt;/em&gt;, XLIII, 85, p. 24.</text>
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            <text>Ernest Joseph Xavier Fleury was born in Vermes, Switzerland, on October 26, 1878. He was a leading geologist and professor of geology, an expert in sedimentary geology. He studied geology, geography and chemistry first at the University of Basel and, from 1902, at the University of Freiburg. From 1905 to 1907, he had his PhD&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Magna cum laud&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;in Natural Philosophy at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of&amp;nbsp;Freiburg. While preparing his PhD, he accepted to be the tutor of an American student, which allowed him to travel for three years in Europe, having the opportunity, in 1906, to study Zoology and Anthropology at the School of Anthropology in Paris.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Between 1908 and 1913, he was a professor at the&amp;nbsp;École des Roches&amp;nbsp;in&amp;nbsp;Verneuil-sur-Avre, France. However, it was in 1913 that the teaching career would take Fleury to Portugal. At the invitation of his compatriot Leon Paul de&amp;nbsp;Choffat, he began teaching that year the chairs of Geology and&amp;nbsp;Paleontology&amp;nbsp;at the Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), for the course of Mines. Here, he was also responsible for the Directorate of the Geology Laboratory and for the organization of the Portuguese Geology and&amp;nbsp;Paleontology&amp;nbsp;collections needed for teaching. Fleury was a professor at the Instituto Superior Técnico until his rejoicing in 1948. Fleury's classes were mostly practical in nature, promoting numerous field trips, a practice indispensable for learning geology, but not common in teaching the discipline at the time.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fleury devoted himself to the main problems of Portuguese geology, especially the study of secondary and tertiary lands. Other areas of geology that deserved his attention concern morphology and karst hydrogeology. Over the years, Fleury devoted himself, not without any reluctance, to more practical work, namely to research water and coals. Thus, the last years of his professional life were essentially filled with this type of work, being called by the official authorities to give his technical support in the construction of dams, such as Castelo de Bode,&amp;nbsp;Cabril&amp;nbsp;or&amp;nbsp;Bouçã, regulating the waters of the Liz River and its tributaries, supplying water to Lisbon and planning and building the metropolitan of the Portuguese capital. Fleury was the geologist assigned to accompany the Portuguese Institute of Fuels in Cape Mondego coal research and bituminous research. During the 1950s he was also a foundation engineer for the Cristo Rei statue, inaugurated in 1959 in Almada.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All these circumstances made Fleury's activity as an investigator resent. Its scientific publications began to be scarce from 1926, predominating the studies in applied geology. However, between 1903 and 1944, he authored 86 publications on geological issues in Switzerland, Portugal and extending also to the former Portuguese colonies. In the 1920s, he was even a corresponding member in Lisbon of the Geological Mission to Angola, which later gave rise to the Angola Geological Map Service. Later, in 1941 and 1942, he was also a consultant to the Geology and Mines Service of that same old Portuguese province. In addition to being a member of several foreign scientific organizations, such as the&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Société&amp;nbsp;Géologique&amp;nbsp;de Suisse&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;and the&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Société&amp;nbsp;Géologique&amp;nbsp;de France&lt;/em&gt;, Fleury was a partner of the Lisbon Geography Society, the Portuguese Society of Natural Sciences and a foreign correspondent partner of the Lisbon Academy of Sciences. In 1939 he was appointed member of the Lisbon Water Treatment Commission. He was also a member of the Superior Council of Mines, member of the Portuguese Institute of Fuels and geologist of Geological Services between 1929 and 1934, and in 1949 returned as a collaborator of this institution. Ernest Fleury died in Lisbon on 8 October 1958. He was 80 years old and had just reach 45 years of residence in Portugal.</text>
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            <text>RIBEIRO, O. (1960). "Ernest Fleury e o ensino da Geologia". In &lt;em&gt;Boletim da Sociedade Geológica de Portugal&lt;/em&gt;. Vol. XIII, Porto, pp. 303-308.</text>
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